Fluid-pressure engine.



A. E, i. GHORLTON.

FLUID PRESSURE ENGINE.

I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1912V 12078;,83@i Patented Nov. 18, 1913.

4 n 2 SHEETSMSHEET l.

A. E. L..GH0RLT0N. FLUID IURESSURE ENGINE.

l APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1912. 1,078,830a Patent-ed N0v.'18,1913. 7^ 4K @SHEETS-SHEET 2. l

UNITED sTATEs .ALAN IEJRDTESL` LEOFRIC CHORLTON, 0F MANCHESTER, ENGLAND. i

FLUID-PRESSURE ENGINE.

To all whom e' may concern.'

Beitknown that I, ALAN ERNEST LEO- rnro CHonL'roN, a subJect of the King of -Great Britain, residing at Salford Iron such types of engine to be made in a simple manner and of pa-rtseasily. assembled and taken apart and so arranged as to avoid difficulties due to unequal expansion.

According to my invention I. make the two cylinders and connecting passages in the form of two si11gle-valled U-shaped tubes, inverted one over the other and connected together throughiianges which are set back from the Ijoiningr edges to form an annular' channclaround the middle of cach cylinder, within which channels are situated annular inlet and exhaust boxes which may be secured by the connecting'bolts of the flanges. The complete` duplex, cylinder, withl its annular boxes and branches,1' is mounted upon a. base or support preferably by means of the cylinder flanges above.referred to. 'Ihe said base may form part ot a tank within which the duplex cylinder' and connected parts are entirely inclosed (or one cylinder only may be so inclosed), as a steam jacket in the case of a steam engine or av cooling jacket in the 'case of an internal combustion engine. l.Owing `tothe central method of support of the duplex cylinder and to its simple construction with single Walls, difficulties due to differentialv expansion and contraction between inner and outer walls, such as are commonly eX- perienced, are avoided.

In order that the ysaid invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into elect l will describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figurell is a vertical section of an in! ternal combustion engine constructed ac- Specication of Letters Patent. Application filed June 25,' 1912. Serial No. 705,696.

the tank acting' Patented Nov. 18, 1913.

l cording to my invention separate tank in a manner which permits of free expansion. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same with the upper U-tube removed and the tank in section. Fig. 3 shows in vertical section t-he main parts of the engine separated, and Fig. 4.- is a vertical section of a steam engine embodying my improved construction.

A, A. tubes, each comprising cylindrical arms of large diameter and a contracted connecting passage o of Venturi form. The lower. tube A has glands a through which the piston rods b ol thepistons B pass.

C, C boxes secured between the flanges a2, set back a'short distance from the meeting edges of the tubes and adapted to receive securingbolts which connect the U-shaped tubes .boxes in the channels between the flanges. The hoxesare provided with charging and discharging branches e, connected to inlet and exhaust pipes.

D is the base on which the cylinders are mounted by means of the supports or standardsf?, carrying the engine through the flanges a2.

Referring to the internal combustion engine shown in Figs. l, 2 and 3 the inlet box `C may be made with a horizontal partition cdividing the box into two chambers, through one of which air is allowed to enter the cylinder while the other serves for the admission of the fuel. edges of the U-tubes are toi-med with the notches (z3 extending around the' circle. these notches forming the'inlet and outlet ports in ,the twin cylinderswhen the U-tubes are united. The complete cylinders are inclosed in'thetank E mounted. on the base D and serving to receive the cooling watenwhich circulates around every part ofthe cylinders. The tank is provided with apertures e inits sides allowing connectiouto be made between the charging and discharging branches c and inlet and exhaust pipes' external to the tank. To prevent escape of water thin expansion covering plates e are provided, cov#A ering the clearance space between the edges of the tank apertures and the branches c.y The base D is provided with corresponding apertures d and covering plates Z2 for the glands a'. The as lat sliding pl and inclosed in a are the two single walled U-shaped are the annular inlet and exhaust` A and A together and also hold the annular f plates e andI di' are show-'n i The meeting i ing connection between the tank and base and the' other parts to permit of relative exsage 0, of the cylinders to take up its proper position, the openings at the inner or adj acent sides of the supports being carried to the top. 'y l The pistons B are connected to cranks set at an angle to eachother, so that, as shown in Fig'l, the exhaust piston, which is at lthe right hand side, is given a forward lead and uncovers the exhaust ports before the other piston uncovers the inlet ports. By this `means the exhaust is rendered more 'eflicient The exhaust is also closed before the inlet and a fuller charge is thus obtained.

The engine illustrated is a vdouble -acting one and the air and fuel are admitted alter- `nately at each side of the left hand piston,

passing through the restricted Venturi sages a into the exhaust cylinder.

pas- TheV charge is compressed by the mutual action of the pistons and fired at the proper point ofthe cycle, the roduets of combustion es.- caping through t e'ports of the Aright` hand cylinder toward the end` of the working stroke, and the fresh charge which immediately follows, completing 'the expulsion of the waste gases. i l Y, i

The steam engine shown inFig. 4 isv of substantially the same construction, comprising the two single walled U-shaped "tubes A and A with Venturi connectlng passages-a and fianges d2 securing the annu-v lar inlet vandoutlet boxes' C and C. The inlet box C is in thiscase of course not divided. The inlet piston B is of `special form as it has to distribute the steam entering at the central ports :,ilternately to each end of the cylinder. This method of operation forms part of the subject of a separate application Serial No. 705,697, filed June 25,

1912. The piston B is of reduced diameter between the ends so as to form a channel b which, near theend of each stroke, connects the inlet ports a' to a byass a", thus admitting the pressure'iuid be ind vthe piston and through the Venturi passage into the second cylinder., The exhaust takes place fromthe 4right hand cylinder, the piston of which is given a forward lead. As there ils less need to jacket the exhaust cylinder the inlet cyl-' inder only may be inclosed in a tank and such a tank E is indicated in chain lines surrounding the'inlet cylinder and leaving' the exhaust cylinder unprotected.

The method of mounting the cylinders by the flanges a2 may be the same as in the case of the engine first described, and bot-h cylinders may be inclosed as in Figs. 1 and 2.' The Venturi passages connecting the cylinders in the two types of vfiuid pressure engine illustrated allow of substantial separation of the cylinders without much loss of power, as the How of the fluid through passages of this type meets with very little resistance. The' shape of the passages gives reduced clearances and avoids undue fiuid friction and in the case of an internal combustion engine enables the'scavenging air, which is blown through into the exhaust cylinder in advance of the explosive charge by means of a scavenging pump, tomaintain an even front and to prevent the following charge breaking through owing to irregular movements. f

It may in some cases be found desirable to suspend the engine from the topinstead of mounting it upon a base, the advantages of free expansion being obtained in either case. It is to be understood that' I use the term Huid pressure engine, except where otherwise defined, to include a'n internal combustion engine.

What l claim and desire to secure-by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A fluid pressure enginev with two communicatingy cylinders side by side, compris-` ing two U-shaped single walled' tubes each constituting onelhalf of both cylinders and also` e connecting passage, and means for connecting the sa1d U-tubes together at their edges. p

- 2. In a fiuid pressure engine with two communicating cylinders 'side by, side, twoU- shaped singlewalled tubes, an annular {iange' set back from each end of, both tubes, means for connecting the said U-tubes together by their flanges to form the two cylinders and connecting' passages, and annular inlet and exhaust boxes in the channels formed by theI said' anges.. Y

- 3. In a Huid pressure engine with two communicating cylinders side by side, two U- shaped single walled tubes, an annular flange set back from each end of both tubes, means for connectingrthe said U tubesY together by their anges to f orm the two cylinders and connecting passages, and annular inletand exhaust boxes in the channels formed by the. said flanges, the inlet box having a horizontal partition separating thesaid box into air` and fuel admission chambers.

4. A fiuid pressure engine with two communicating cylinders side by side, comprisingtwo U-shaped single walled tubes each constituting one half of both cylinders and also a connecting passage, means for connectiiigthe said U tubes together at theirjedges, and a removable inclosing tank. 1

5. A'fiuid pressure engine with two com- I mimicating cylinders side by side, comprising two .U-shaped single walled tubes eachconstituting onel half of both cylinders and also a connecting passage, means for connectiing the said U tubes together at their edges,

' a tank, and means foi ders removably within the tenia e middle of the'eyiinders.

. 6. `A Huid-pressure engi municating cyiindere eide ing two U-shnped single w constituting one half of both effin .also a 'connecting passage, meene nect-ing`the said U tubes togethern edges, a tank, inwardly entendi? t pro'ecting to about the middie o; 1 enf tan and-means for securing` 'be seid eyiinders to these suppoets.A

7. A duid pressure engine wi Vntvunieetting cylinders side by ing two U-shaped single wei, constitutingone heliv of beth e un also a connecting passage lnesting the seid U; ltubes te edges, a tank iuciosing the se; provided with apertures foi* tit two [and eonnections of the engine, means for snppo'ting the cylinders removably Within the tank end yielding covering p etes for ne tank apertures permitting ofree relative expansion and -contraction of the enfflne funk without allowing escape of uld irony file tank.

8. A iiuid pressure engine with two coinmunieating cylinders side byside, eomprlsing" two U-sha-ped single walled tubes each constituting one half of both cylindefs and. eleo a contracted connecting passage of Venturi form, and means for connecting the said U tubes together at their meeting edges.

in testimony whereof I aHX my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

ALAN ERNEST LEOIIRIG CHOBLTON, Viitnesse Y M. V. BQWMAN,

JAS. STEWART BRoADFooT. 

